Free Essays on Bahama Mama

Bahama Mamma Some people consider me very lucky, but I just see it as a trip to Grandma’s house. Yes, that’s right†¦my Grandparents live in Bahamas. Others may give their right hand to go there, but to me it’s just a plane ticket away. That’s where I went this summer†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ and the summer before that†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ and the summer before that. But what made it special this time around was that I got to bring my friend, Courtney, with me and there were no parents! Imagine that†¦a whole week without parents. It was just my brother, Kyle, Courtney, and I together all week. I’ve never had so much fun before. To clue you in, my week went a little something like this†¦ We arrived in the main harbor of Abaco, Bahamas on Sunday afternoon. From there, my Grandparents took us to their tiny island of Hopetown. Hopetown is a place where everyone knows everyone, and the houses have names such as â€Å"Rocky Bay†, instead of numbers. Their town consists of the maximum of about 20 stores and people get around the island by cruising in the golf cart. It’s like a little taste of heaven you could say. We got everything settled in by Sunday night and Grandma made her famous dish of delicious homemade spaghetti (my brothers favorite). We were all exhausted from the plane trip, so we called it a night and went to sleep, preparing for our exciting tomorrow. Monday morning, I was awoken by the sound of the exhilarating ocean at my ears. I turned and smiled at Courtney and said, â€Å"Are you ready for this?† and she replied â€Å"More than you know!† Grandma cooked us some bacon, eggs, and homemade cinnamon bread for our breakfast. We couldn’t wait to get out there, so Grandma took us on a trip of the town and showed us around. The hurricane that came through their island last year destroyed everything, so they had to almost start over from scratch. The town lo... Free Essays on Bahama Mama Free Essays on Bahama Mama Bahama Mamma Some people consider me very lucky, but I just see it as a trip to Grandma’s house. Yes, that’s right†¦my Grandparents live in Bahamas. Others may give their right hand to go there, but to me it’s just a plane ticket away. That’s where I went this summer†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ and the summer before that†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ and the summer before that. But what made it special this time around was that I got to bring my friend, Courtney, with me and there were no parents! Imagine that†¦a whole week without parents. It was just my brother, Kyle, Courtney, and I together all week. I’ve never had so much fun before. To clue you in, my week went a little something like this†¦ We arrived in the main harbor of Abaco, Bahamas on Sunday afternoon. From there, my Grandparents took us to their tiny island of Hopetown. Hopetown is a place where everyone knows everyone, and the houses have names such as â€Å"Rocky Bay†, instead of numbers. Their town consists of the maximum of about 20 stores and people get around the island by cruising in the golf cart. It’s like a little taste of heaven you could say. We got everything settled in by Sunday night and Grandma made her famous dish of delicious homemade spaghetti (my brothers favorite). We were all exhausted from the plane trip, so we called it a night and went to sleep, preparing for our exciting tomorrow. Monday morning, I was awoken by the sound of the exhilarating ocean at my ears. I turned and smiled at Courtney and said, â€Å"Are you ready for this?† and she replied â€Å"More than you know!† Grandma cooked us some bacon, eggs, and homemade cinnamon bread for our breakfast. We couldn’t wait to get out there, so Grandma took us on a trip of the town and showed us around. The hurricane that came through their island last year destroyed everything, so they had to almost start over from scratch. The town lo...

Robert the Bruce Biography

Robert the Bruce Biography Robert the Bruce (July 11, 1274–June 7, 1329) was king of Scotland for the last two decades of his life. An ardent proponent of Scottish independence and a contemporary of William Wallace, Robert remains one of Scotlands most beloved national heroes. Early Years and Family Born into an Anglo-Norman family, Robert was no stranger to royalty. His father, Robert de Brus, was the 6th Lord of Annandale and a great-great-grandson of King David mac Mail Choluim, or David I of Scotland. His mother, Marjorie, was the Countess of Carrick, descended from the Irish King Brian Boru. His sister Isabel became the Queen of Norway by marrying King Eric II, long before Robert ascended to the Scottish throne. Robert’s grandfather, also named Robert, was the 5th Earl of Annandale. In the autumn of 1290, Margaret, the Maid of Norway, who was the seven-year-old heiress to the Scottish throne, died at sea. Her death set off a whirlwind of disputes regarding who should succeed to the throne, and the 5th Earl of Annandale (Roberts grandfather) was one of the claimants. Robert V, with the aid of his son Robert VI, captured a number of strongholds in the southwest of Scotland during the period between 1290 – 1292. Naturally, young Robert supported his grandfather’s claim to the throne, but ultimately, the role of king was given to John Balliol. Corbis via Getty Images / Getty Images Association With William Wallace King Edward I of England was known as the Hammer of the Scots, and worked diligently during his reign to turn Scotland into a feudal tributary state. Naturally, this did not sit well with the Scots, and soon Edward found himself having to deal with uprisings and rebellions. William Wallace led a revolt against Edward, and Robert joined in, believing that Scotland needed to remain independent of England. The Battle of Stirling Bridge, in September 1297, was a devastating blow for the English. Shortly afterwards, Bruce family lands were sacked by Edwards troops in retaliation for the familys role in the rebellion. In 1298, Robert succeeded Wallace as one of the Guardians of Scotland. He served alongside John Comyn, who would become his chief rival for the country’s throne. Robert resigned his seat after just two years, when the conflicts with Comyn escalated. In addition, there were rumors that John Balliol would be restored as king despite his abdication in 1296. Instead, Scotland functioned without a monarch, and under the guidance of the countrys Guardians, until 1306, one year after Wallace was captured, tortured, and executed. Rise to the Throne In early 1306, two very important events took place that would shape the future of Scotland. In February, matters came to a head between John Comyn and Robert. During an argument, Robert stabbed Comyn at a church in Dumfries, killing him. When word of Comyn’s death reached King Edward, he was livid; Comyn had been distantly related to the king, and Edward saw this as a deliberate plot to stir up dissent. Comyn’s son, John IV, was immediately whisked off to England for his own safety, and put into the care of a nobleman who was raising Edward’s own children. John Comyn was stabbed by Robert the Bruce in 1306. Print Collector / Getty Images Just a few weeks later, at the beginning of March, Robert’s father, the 6th Earl of Annandale, died. With his father now dead, and Comyn also out of the way, Robert was the chief claimant to the Scottish throne. He moved rapidly to take power. Robert was crowned king on March 25, but an attack by Edward’s army pushed him out of the country. For a year, Robert hid out in Ireland, raising a loyal army of his own, and in 1307 he returned to Scotland. In addition to battling Edward’s troops, he laid waste to the lands of Scottish nobles who supported the English king’s claim to rule Scotland. In 1309, Robert the Bruce held his first parliament. Bannockburn and Border Raids Over the next few years, Robert continued to fight against the English, and was able to reclaim much of Scotlands land. Perhaps his most famous victory of all took place at Bannockburn in the summer of 1314. That spring, Roberts younger brother Edward had laid siege to Stirling Castle, and King Edward II decided it was time to move up north and take Stirling back. Robert, upon hearing of these plans, rounded up his army and moved into position above the marshy area that surrounded the Bannock Burn (a burn is a creek), intending to stop English troops from reclaiming Stirling. The Scottish army was thoroughly outnumbered, with an estimated five to ten thousand men, compared to an English force of more than twice that size. However, despite the larger numbers, the English were not expecting to encounter any Scottish resistance, so they were caught completely by surprise in the narrow, low-lying area of the marsh, as Roberts spearmen attacked from the wooded hillside. With English archers at the far back of the marching formation, the cavalry was rapidly decimated, and the army retreated. King Edward is said to have barely escaped with his life. Following the victory at Bannockburn, Robert grew bolder in his attacks on England. No longer content to just wait around defending Scotland, he led incursions into the border regions of northern England, as well as into Yorkshire. By 1315, he had attacked English troops in Ireland, at the request of Donall ONeill, the king of Tyrone, one of Gaelic Irelands eastern kingdoms. A year later, Roberts younger brother Edward was crowned as High King of Ireland, temporarily cementing the bond between Ireland and Scotland. Robert attempted for several years to bring about an alliance between the two countries, but eventually it crumbled, as the Irish saw Scottish occupation as no different than English occupation. The Declaration of Arbroath In 1320, Robert decided that diplomacy rather than military force might be a viable method of asserting Scottish independence. The Declaration of Arbroath, which later served as the template for Americas Declaration of Independence, was sent to Pope John XXII. The document outlined all of the reasons that Scotland should be considered an independent nation. In addition to detailing the atrocities committed upon the countrys people by King Edward II, the declaration specifically said that although Robert the Bruce had saved the country from English dominion, the nobility would not hesitate to replace him if he became unfit to rule. One of the results of the declaration was that the Pope lifted Roberts excommunication, which had been in place since he murdered John Comyn in 1306. Some eight years after the Declaration of Arbroath was sealed by more than fifty Scottish nobles and dignitaries, King Edward III, the fourteen-year-old son of Edward II, signed the Treaty of Edinburgh-Northampton. This treaty declared peace between England and Scotland, and recognized Robert the Bruce as Scotlands lawful king. Statue of Robert the Bruce at Stirling. Jeff J Mitchell / Getty Images Death and Legacy After a two-year-long illness, Robert the Bruce died at the age of fifty-four. Although there has been speculation that his death was caused by leprosy, there is no evidence to indicate that he suffered from the disease. Western University anthropology professor Andrew Nelson studied Roberts skull and foot bone in 2016, and concluded: The anterior nasal spine (the bone support around the nose) in a healthy person is teardrop-shaped; in a person with leprosy, that structure is eroded and almost circular. King Robert’s nasal spine is teardrop-shaped... In a person with leprosy, the end of th[e] metatarsal bone [from the foot] would be pointed, as if inserted into a pencil sharpener. This bone shows no sign of â€Å"pencilling.† After his death, Roberts heart was removed and buried at Melrose Abbey, Roxburghshire. The rest of his body was embalmed and interred at Dunfermline Abbey in Fife, but was not discovered until construction workers found the casket in 1818. Statues in his honor exist in several Scottish cities, including Stirling. Robert the Bruce Fast Facts Full Name:  Robert I, also Robert the Bruce, Roibert a Briuis in medieval Gaelic.Known for:  King of Scotland and a celebrated warrior in the Scottish fight for independence from England.Born:  July 11, 1274 in Ayrshire, Scotland.Died:  June 7, 1329 at Cardross Manor, Dunbartonshire, Scotland.Parents’ Names:  Robert de Brus, the 6th Earl of Annandale, and Marjorie, Countess of Carrick. Sources Letter from Robert the Bruce to Edward II Reveals Power Struggle in the Build Up to Bannockburn. University of Glasgow, 1 June 2013, www.gla.ac.uk/news/archiveofnews/2013/june/headline_279405_en.html.Macdonald, Ken. â€Å"Reconstructed Face of Robert the Bruce Is Unveiled - BBC News.†Ã‚  BBC, BBC, 8 Dec. 2016, www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-38242781.Murray, James. â€Å"Robert the Bruce in Battle: A Battlefield Trail from Methven to Bannockburn.†Ã‚  30 Aug. 2018, www.culture24.org.uk/history-and-heritage/military-history/pre-20th-century-conflict/art487284-Robert-the-Bruce-in-Battle-A-battlefield-trail-from-Methven-to-Bannockburn.Watson, Fiona. â€Å"Great Scot, Its Robert the Bruce!†Ã‚  The History Press, www.thehistorypress.co.uk/articles/great-scot-it-s-robert-the-bruce/.

No Country for Old Men Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

No Country for Old Men - Movie Review Example This can be substantiated through his killing of the boss and other rivals coming his way concerning money. Moss tries to keep away from the drug dealer, although what follows is extensive blood spills while he tries to get Moss to give him the lost money. It comes as a surprise for Moss as he tries to run away from the relentless Chigurh (Chisholm). In the meantime, Sherriff Bell supervises and directs all the investigations concerning the case in order to prevent similar crimes that had been on the argument within the region. In the movie, Bell has managed miniature, concerning delivery of justice in one case that the convicted person got death row judgment. He considers that the region has a different viewpoint although while handling the case a lot seems to have changed (Chisholm). Every aspect of the society had considerably transformed into something that cannot be explained in a more profound manner than what is depicted. Chigurh dispatches his hit men to kill Moss and his you ng wife and take the satchel back. However, they are unable to execute the plan since Moss and wife manage to run away from the hit men dispatched to recuperate the lost satchel. The events that transpire in the region catch Bell by surprise since, in the time that he has lived in that region, there were little cases of violence (Chisholm). The region gets marred with violence in the period that Chigurh and his gunmen undertake the task of recapturing their moneybag. The community that Bell knew was quiet and peaceful with little misfortunes although, at that time, it had turned into something majorly dissimilar. The source of the violence that the region experiences are from Aton Chigurh as he tries to repossess the satchel with the assistance of a radio transponder that had been implanted on the bag. The transponder allows Chigurh, and the other gunmen to track the movement of Moss although Moss is unconscious of the device on the satchel. Chigurh is considered a psychopath since, in previous dealings, he had killed many people who he considered having ties with his monies. The violence that occurs within the movie can be profoundly linked to the actuality that he has access to homemade weapons for instance, silencer guns that allow him to execute people with little attention to the locals and authorities (Chisholm). The character is considered the most creations according to critics because most themes are linked to him especially the genre of violence. Violence dominates most scenes of the movie with other genres being considered inferior to violence, which is contemplated principal in the creation of the story. Chigurh not only kills the people who mess with his money but also individuals who offer comments that he does not like. Bell informs Moss and his wife about the violence that ensues within the region as well as the peril that the couple has to face with the drug dealers and other arsonists. However, Moss is convinced that he can take Chigurh and h is clue down through the experiences and intelligence that he had earlier obtained in Vietnam as a war veteran (Chisholm). Moss seems experienced through numerous tasks that he undertakes in Vietnam with other war veterans. However, the violence that ensues around the place that Bell seeks to reexamine the situation concerning his capacities to undertake certain measures. He feels obliged to deal with the fresh criminal brutality that ensues in his place of

Organic solar cells Literature review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Organic solar cells - Literature review Example The development of the photovoltaic cell is important for the future alternative energy production in the global community (Mihailetchi, 2005; Williams, 2010). Due to the importance of harvesting solar energy, the continuous development of solar cells is one of the most important developments in the conversion of solar energy. Dendrimer is a significant technology in light-harvesting due to the efficiency (Andrews et al., 2009). Organic solar cells are photovoltaic cells with organic make-up used due to different advantages for the light absorption process and transfer of energy. Initially, the photovoltaic cells are made with crystal silicon photovoltaic are used. Due to the fixed bandgap energy and high cost of production, new materials for solar cells had been developed. The organic solar cells are referred to as second generation photovoltaics which had different advantages such as lower manufacturing costs and higher power conversion efficiency (Williams, 2010, p.2). Organic solar cells are solar cell consisting of organic materials. A solar cell is a composed of one or more light-absorbing layers between two electrodes. One of the layers is for passage of light. The active layer can release free carriers upon the absorption of light which then gather at the electrodes. In the organic solar cells, the main difference is the material for the active layers. It is composed of thin films of organic semiconductors formed through solution-based polymeric materials or through thermal evaporation for small-molecule materials (William, 2010, p.3). Photovoltaic behaviour of organic solar cells is the main basis of the function and the advantage of the said type of thin film solar cells. Organic semiconductors, such as lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) and highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO), use plastic or glass substrates with

Telecom Industry

Telecom Industry Management information system Introduction MIS (Management Information System) is a process which provides the necessary information for managing an organization in an effective manner. The information generated by MIS is considered to be the most important equipment of careful and the decisions made in business. For an organization, MIS must have the guidelines, practices, procedures, standards, and policies. All these have to be followed throughout the development, maintenance, and usage of the institution. Multiple levels by the management are used and viewed by the MIS. Owner is the user of the system who uses the present customer and the constituent requirements and has the enough budgets for funding the new projects. By building the ownership it not only promotes the institutions pride but also helps in ensuring the accountability. Not necessarily the reduction of the expenses is done by MIS. By developing the systems meaningfully, using them properly reduces the possibility of making erroneous decisions due to inaccura tely. The resources can be wasted by the decisions made erroneously. This might result adversely on the capital. TELECOM INDUSTRY- A Case Study Aircel is a JV of Gogo Communications located in Malaysia and Apollo Hospitals of India. 74% stake belongs to Maxis and the other 26% belongs to Apollo hospitals. Aircel is Indias 5th largest provider of GSM mobiles service. .Its subscribers too are many they account for about 27.7 million as on the 31st of Oct 2009. By 2010 it is thinking of expanding its services throughout India. It has also sought permission for to provide for Long distance calls for both national and international users. The telecom dept has granted permission. ABS (Aircel business solutions) is a part of Aircel and it is an ISO 9000 certified organisation. Its products include enterprise solutions like Multiprotocol Label Switching Virtual Private Networks (MPLS VPNs), Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) and Managed Video Services on wireless platform including WiMAX (www.aircel.com) Q1) Provide information across various departments Stability in the Payroll and financial departments For companies to be successful, it is critical to manage data efficiently. Data was made available and accesses able to everyone. This included. * Payroll * Financial information * Customer tracking systems. Implementation of MIS indeed played a very crucial role at Aircel. Absence of proper MIS system would mean lack of proper accessibility of data at the nick time, this further leads to confusion and lack of proper sustenance of available resources. In order to plan the budgets and operations and for making projections, data has to be retrieved continuously by the managers and the corporate executives. Leaders can accurately make decisions and access large data by storing the data in a single place and manage it. As the managers and the employees got accustomed to the new learning curve for the first year has to be expected. Training is needed for the executives for reading the results and learning to start with the usage of the resources they had not used in past. Implementation in the HR function and its overall benefits Aircel selected SAP ERP which is a Payroll and HR software. It helped Aircel to get rid of unwanted /duplicate information across many locations. Also it saved the HR personnel from making manual entries of data. Benefits of MIS in field of HR: By Implementing the MIS through SAP ERP, HR functions are 33% quicker than standard approach Improvement in all field such as 60% of cost reduction in development, 50% cost and time saved for spending in lower project and 70% fewer in post go-live corrections. Risk Mitigation and resolving issues on time services. Ongoing support from SAP is fully active for the user to access go-live it. Reduce Manual work and saves time. Decreased the Payroll Processing Cycle time from 15 days to 5 days. Monitoring the payroll and Generating Tax Declaration for employee is easier. 8. Simple and Easy way of handling application of employee leaves entitlement. Effective implementation of MIS should be done by analysing and considering MIS needs at tactical level and strategic levels. Tactical Level of MIS can be used in processing annual report and annual budget. In this case, the support of long term Strategic level of MIS also required to initiates the business plan. This implies that to get benefit of effective MIS, organization should consider the levels of MIS that are to be used in organization and that should be analyzed before implementing. Merger and Acquisition of company with other company, Developing Company introducing new products and services are the best common example for developing and implementing MIS. Q2) Facilitate decision making at the three tiers of management MIS deals with process of collecting the information, processing, storing the information and transmitting relevant to the support the management operation. This shows the process and success of decision-making. Administrative process of organization highly depends on the decision making. Decision making is done with the available information and functions in the organization. Proper result cannot be found because of lack of information that leads unlikely to yield the optimal or desired result. The back bone for the systems of decision making This system is growth along with the development in Management Information System. MIS also supports decision making in both structured problem environment and unstructured problem environment at every strata of organization. MIS constitutes many things such as people, computers, procedures, databases, interactive query facilities and so on. Methods of Decision Making An MIS system must be developed in such a manner that it aids in accomplishing organisational objectives listed here under. * Communication channels and mediums should be more effective amongst employees * Send across critical data more efficiently and effectively * A comprehensive and constructive system should be made available for collecting, analysing and using the data. * A process of digitization has to be implemented which minimise the cost of labour oriented activities * Be able to strategise the organisations decision making process. There are lot of MIS tools available which includes software, databases, hardware and specially designed support applications. The input given to any one of the mentioned Management Information System is transformed into useful and related information that help to give results as reports or statements, try to make future predictions based on the derived information. Knowledge Base in the MIS can also be used as answer to queries which helps to take a particular action/decision on â€Å"what if† scenario. Thus information given by Management Information Systems is accurate and unique which helps to give decision making. The primary aim of MIS is to make sure that information is appropriately channelized to the right people at workplace. That is called as Internal Decision Makers and External Decision Makers. And they are considered as good decision maker for running the organization. And this process is completed on time, reliable with good quality information to the decision makers. It is essential to understand that managers are answerable for * The outcomes of the actual reports * The effect of the reports that are direct on certain behaviour * Making a team which is long lasting and equally effective which can accomplish targets effectively and on time. * Equipping their respective teams with good managerial and leadership support. In the conventional management arrangement hirarchy for the flow of information is inthe following fashion Top Middle lower In a digitised environment the scenario is different it aids in effective communication simultaneously across the various levels. Presently managers are use and trust computerised systems. * They are Systems * Which process transactions * Which support the process of decision making * Which aid and store data regarding operations * Expert system a. Transaction Processing System Transaction Processing System is a collection of information, used to process the data at the time of transaction in database system. It is used to monitor the transaction program such as predefined program for the output. For example, Electronic Payment is made to withdraw money from one account and added the same to the other or none at all, likewise transaction made in shopping, car rental, poker, ticket reservation are also the examples of Transaction Processing System. If the transaction is failed or partially completed, it must be rolled back (undo the recent changes) by this Transaction Processing System. Other transaction monitoring functions like deadlock (two or more process competing for each other to release the resources in circular chain). b. Operation Information System Operation Information Systems is a group of system provides significant information for the day-to-day operation in the organization. The advantage of OIS is, it supports the real time delivery of information to the other application such as task allotted, start time and end time, time taken to complete the allotted tasks. This automated system will enable a manager to make a conclusive estimate on a project given or task handled. He will also be able to monitor an employees performance. Similarly an employee too will be able to highlight his performance at the time of annual appraisal or at the time of interim check. c. Decision Support System It is set of manual or computer based tools to support technological and managerial decision-making activities. Decision Support System is interactive software based helpful to make decision by formulate the alternatives, analysis the business models and impact of it, identify and solve the problem by selecting the appropriate option for implementation. This application aids many functions by collecting information like Analysis of cash flow Forecasting at various levels and other relate information Information on the performance of a product Allocation of resources Sales comparison etc Aircel has to streamline all its information such as its financial information, data regarding its assets, legacy and other kinds of data. If this is in place, the DSS will be able to assist in a sound decision making process. d. Expert System Expert System is Artificial Intelligence (AI) software which uses the knowledge base of human expertise for problem solving. Expert System is based on quality of data and rules obtained and assigned from the human expert. Most common methods used to simulate the performance of Expert System are: * Creating Knowledge Base uses information representation to acquire the (Subject Matter Expert) knowledge of the SME * Knowledge Engineering The information should be gathered via a rigorous questioning process. For Aircel, once everything is in place the Expert system will assist in addressing unresolved issues. The above mentioned systems are largely used in handling the data in an organization. MIS can be preserved and further developed either manually or via automated systems or by using both methodologies combination of both. It also performs other activities such as monitoring the information, distribution the information to the management, employees and customers. Effective implementation of MIS results in Meeting the Business Goals and Objectives, Supports the delivery of the product and services. Easy to access and use at level of organization. Significant use of the strategy used for handling risk to assist the management in performing reviews.. Q3 Serve as efficient means for managing business process Business Process A business process or a methodology of business is the gathering concerned, channelized activities to finally contour either a service or a product. Also it can be said as a group of activities clearly spread across time and people with a start and an end. Here the materials to be used and what would be the resultant outputs are clearly defined. The very start of a process of business is usual the wants of customer and it ends at a point of customer satisfaction. In order to complete such a process organisations rely on sources of information which may be external or internal. It may be noted that business processes are created to add value to a customer. The result of an excellent business process is enhanced effectiveness (to the customer and the way of doing business) with a reduction operating costs monitor Till date the various MIS systems have were not able satisfy the requirements of an individual making decision entirely. These are in terms of * Decision making under stress/pressure * Tracking competition * Taking into consideration organisational information that has a different view point. â€Å"In order to be able to react quickly to changes that take place on the market, organisations need management information systems that would make it possible to carry out different cause and effect analyses of organisations themselves and their environments† (Power, 2001). â€Å"According to (Kalakota, Robinson Business Intelligence (BI) systems provide a proposal that faces needs of contemporary organisations. Main tasks that are to be faced by the BI systems include intelligent exploration, integration, aggregation and a multidimensional analysis of data originating from various information resources. Systems of a BI standard combine data from internal information systems of an organisation and they integrate data coming from the particular environment e.g. statistics, financial and investment portals and miscellaneous databases. Such systems are meant to provide adequate and reliable up-to-date information on different aspects of enterprise activities.† (Kalakota, Robinson, 1999; Liautaud, Hammond, 2002; Moss, Alert, 2003) The primary results of the research say that the BI systems have a major role in showing and infusing both enhancements in production and transparency in cascading knowledge. Also they make sure that business * Monitor the profitability * Scrutinize expenditures * Gauge the environments and atmosphere of corporates * Investigate upon irregularities and instances of fraud. The upcoming years have had many discussions regarding problems in BI .These include the approaches of OLAP. Though problems are discussed in detail talks regarding the actual proper implementation of BI are yet to materialize. There are no proper guidelines or information regarding proper implementation of BI. Organisations are in the process of finding out efficient methods of creating and handling BI themselves. All in an environment of rampant change,growth and increase in the competitiveness amongst business. Businesses in general are treading the path of disaggregation. How its implementation is effective Implementation of Business Intelligence is effective and it is analyzed from different perspectives. Decision Makers of the organization mainly associate with Business Intelligence for implementing organizational specific methodology and philosophy. Here, BI systems are thought to be the solution, essential for recording information into data by analyzing including reporting with the consolidated data. Information is transferred into knowledge by Data Drilling and finally knowledge transferred to Decision to improve competitiveness. (Refer Fig.2) ‘It is said that the Value of BI for business is predominantly expressed in the fact that such systems cast some light on information that may serve as the basis for carrying out fundamental changes in a particular enterprise, i.e. establishing new cooperation, acquiring new customers, creating new markets, offering products to customers (Chaudhary, 2004; Olszak, Ziemba, 2004; Reinschmidt, Francoise, 2002). Source: own elaboration. The four critical facets of Risk management are: 1. Operational procedures 2. Management and Employees 3. Practices or strategies 4. Feedback mechanisms and devices Using Management Information System, information management are available for both planning and decision making with respect to the technology. Technology also enhances the scope for incorrect and inaccurate information being reported out which as a result cause wrong decision making due to lack to data, unclear/missing data. Since data is extracted from many financial system and transaction system, there should be apt control processes or functions have to be setup to make sure the data is accurate and appropriate. Control must ensure that systems on small computer like microcomputers which have well defined processing controls are as good as traditionally larger mainframe computers. It has become mandatory to set up an individual framework with effective fundamental principles like identifying risk, establishing controls and providing a review of MIS that is good and mentoring systems across the organization. OCC gives full support to putting these concepts from penning them to enhancing the usefulness communication throughout the organization. OCC recommended the organization to follow the fundamental principles such as appropriate Internal Controls, Operating Procedures and Safeguards and Audit Coverage. Aircel has chosen an MIS system that will provide the best results for its organisation. While conferring upon an MIS Aircel has done a cost analysis. According to it an MIS should bring a good return on the investment made and additional costs should not be incurred for implementation of such a system. For the success of an MIS there should be * Deft planning * Good foresting * Timely reporting and evaluation. If the entire above are adhered to then an organisation will be able to make proper decisions. If information is stacked appropriately then the flow of information will be easier and efficient which will enable an organisation to make effective value add decisions. Over all benefits of MIS implementation at Aircel According to Gary ‘BI differs from MIS (i.e. DSS, EIS, and ES) in first of all, their wider thematic range, multivariate Analysis, semi-structured data originating from different sources and multidimensional data Presentation (Gray, 2003). Olszak and Ziemba say that ‘BI may support decision make on all levels of management regardless of the level of their structuralisation (Olszak, Ziemba, 2003). On the Strategic Level, Setting the Objectives precisely and following the established objectives is easy in BI. Using BI, it is easy to perform different comparative reports such as Comprehensive results, the viability of certain offers, successfulness of the various distribution startegis and channels alongside implementation of and predicting the results for the future based on assumptions made. Conclusion Implementation MIS in organization is very essential. This can be found by the following benefits. To improve the quality of an administrative process in an organization can be identified by their proven practices. MIS is User-friendly window based system performing Time management, Resource Management by generating tickler/alert, online appointment Scheduling, Clear, better and faster record access which includes real time updation. MIS is easy to access through internet and Availability and reliability of Access and Crisis line information to service provider. Information analysis, Data Gathering, Report and Performance Monitoring. Usage of MIS application results in greater accountability such as improve the measurement at Client, program and system levels. MIS have built-in quality and compliance controls to give quality. MIS can able to replace multiple applications such as old software, billing system, having inefficient client data and software which are considers as very old, non-user friendly, inapt to the organization. Handling single application is easier than maintaining much old application. References * Maniac , Management information system: The centre of management decision making, available at http://www.helium.com/items/242575-management-information-system-the-center-of-management-decision-making, accessed on March 20th 2010. * Anon (2005), COREinternational Inc, available at http://www.coreinternational.com/threeTierManagement.htm, accessed on March 15th 2010. * Stair, Reynolds, Principles of Management Information Systems: A managerial Approach, 7th edition * P. Kishore Kumar, 2006, Information Decision Making, available at http://www.indianmba.com/Faculty_Column/FC307/fc307.html * Kotler, Philip; Keller, Kevin Lane (2006). Marketing Management (12 ed.). Pearson Education. * OBrien, J (1999). Management Information Systems Managing Information Technology in the Internetworked Enterprise. Boston: Irwin McGraw-Hill. * Comptrollers Handbook 3 Management Information Systems * James Reason (1990). Human Error. Ashgate. ISBN 1840141042. * Daniel Kahneman, Amos Tversky (2000). Choice, Values, Frames. The Cambridge University * Charles H. Kepner, Benjamin B. Tregoe (1965). The Rational Manager: A Systematic Approach to Problem Solving and Decision-Making. McGraw-Hill, June 1965 * Blackhart, G. C., Kline, J. P. (2005). Individual differences in anterior EEG asymmetry between high and low defensive individuals during a rumination/distraction task. Personality and Individual Differences, 39, 427-437. * Drake, R. A. (1993). Processing persuasive arguments: 2. Discounting of truth and relevance as a function of agreement and manipulated activation asymmetry. Journal of Research in Personality, 27, 184-196. * Chua, E. F., Rand-Giovannetti, E., Schacter, D. L., Albert, M., Sperling, R. A. (2004). Dissociating confidence and accuracy: Functional magnetic resonance imaging shows origins of the subjective memory experience. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 16, 1131-1142. * Isabel Briggs Myers|Myers, I. (1962) Introduction to Type: A description of the theory and applications of the Myers-Briggs type indicator, Consulting Psychologists Press, Palo Alto Ca., 1962.

Cultural Diversity Phase Essay

In the society, cultural diversity is an evident and become dominant concept wherein it commonly affects the social structures and processes in the society. This is mainly because cultural diversity significantly cause the society to be segregated into their respective social minority groups with their cultural differences serving as the gap and blocking wall between these groups. In addition, cultural diversity also has caused certain negative social problems such as discrimination and oppression worsening the difficulty of social separation. Because of which, the negative aspect of multiculturalism and the social tension it has produced should be sufficiently addressed. Different social groups and institutions are making different steps and approaches to bridge the gap of multiculturalism in every individual and social minority. This includes cultural information campaign to educate the society about the different culture of each group to answer the different inquisition of each individual thus eliminating the problem of cultural misconception and misunderstanding. In addition, community groups are also establishing social groups and institutions that request participation from different cultural groups giving them a chance to communicate and relate to other groups tearing down themselves the walls created by multiculturalism. These programs and community efforts are established to promote communication and social involvement of each social minority in the campaign to address social unity. Multiculturalism in the present society serves as a hindering wall thus, this hindrance must be torn down using intercultural communication and social participation. Intervention must also be done in facilitating cooperative approaches to ensure its advantage. With this approach implemented, society as a whole would be one-step closer in making a harmonious relationship between culturally diversified social groups. Bibliography Parekh, Bhikhu (2006). Rethinking Multiculturalism: Cultural Diversity and Political Theory. Palgrave Macmillan. Second Edition.

Summary Of Fallen Angels - 2448 Words

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